Current network augmentation in mobile adhoc networks connectivity

Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) are self organisable, infrastructure less, wireless, peer-peer, multi hop networks. They adopt distributed control in providing connectivity from the source to the destination. Typical applications of these networks are outdoor events such as conferences, concerts and festivals, places with no network infrastructure, outdoor emergencies and natural disasters and military operations. On demand protocols are proved to perform better. But the major drawback of such protocols is that the alternate route discovery process is initiated only after the existing link has been reported as broken. A node will forward the route request if it is not the destination node and if it is not already listed as a hop in the route. When a node wishes to send a packet, it examines its own route cache and performs route discovery only if no suitable source route is found. Further, when a node receives a route request for which it has a route in its cache it does not propagate the route request but instead returns a route reply to the source node. The route reply contains the full concatenation of the recorded route from the source and the cached route leading to the destination

Mobile Communications and Their Challenges in The Future Networks

Customary network migration to Future Networks (FN) is due to service integration and low cost of the offered services in FN. FN is based on an IP/MPLS backbone through which all traffics pass. Besides, different mobile generations up to R99 UMTS are all based on the circuit switch systems. Thus the connections to FN may cause some challenges. In this paper, to provide these connections, it has been reviewed mobile systems characteristics in addition to a new Base Station System (BSS) by the name Base Station Gatewa

An enhanced approach for augmentation of synchronized bandwidth request in WiMAX

This paper carried out a study on the bandwidth request for real-time polling services. In our study, we discovered that although the base station granted the subscriber station to send the bandwidth request, the subscriber station may not be able to allocate the bandwidth request. It is due to processing delay and multicast polling in the subscriber station, which results the bandwidth request being padded unintentionally. The loss of bandwidth requests will cause the degradation of the real-time polling service performance. Therefore, we propose a scheme to overcome this problem. The results of the experiment show that the proposed scheme improves the performance of real-time polling services

Quality of service for limited performance in broad networked virtual environment

Middleware services for management of shared state in comprehensive distributed interactive applications with partial functionality and network virtual environment (NVEs). In NVEs, it allow multiple users to interact with each other in real time even through users may be located around the world. This environment is characterized by good 3D graphics for closer experiences in a real life scenario. We have seen in the last few years an increasing interest and popular by among professional researchers at universities and laboratories commercial companies and groups to develop NVEs. In this research study we introduce some mechanisms of NVEs and quality of service for managing shared space, which will provide developers of distributed interactive applications with means to make their applications scalable, increase their performance, and decrease their resource consumption

STATS - A Point Access Method for Multidimensional Clusters.

The ubiquity of high-dimensional data in machine learning and data mining applications makes its efficient indexing and retrieval from main memory crucial. Frequently, these machine learning algorithms need to query specific characteristics of single multidimensional points. For example, given a clustered dataset, the cluster membership (CM) query retrieves the cluster to which an object belongs. To efficiently answer this type of query we have developed STATS, a novel main-memory index which scales to answer CM queries on increasingly big datasets. Current indexing methods are oblivious to the structure of clusters in the data, and we thus, develop STATS around the key insight that exploiting the cluster information when indexing and preserving it in the index will accelerate look up. We show experimentally that STATS outperforms known methods in regards to retrieval time and scales well with dataset size for any number of dimensions

Development of a stochastic computational fluid dynamics approach for offshore wind farms

In this paper, a method for stochastic analysis of an offshore wind farm using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is proposed. An existing offshore wind farm is modelled using a steady-state CFD solver at several deterministic input ranges and an approximation model is trained on the CFD results. The approximation model is then used in a Monte-Carlo analysis to build joint probability distributions for values of interest within the wind farm. The results are compared with real measurements obtained from the existing wind farm to quantify the accuracy of the predictions. It is shown that this method works well for the relatively simple problem considered in this study and has potential to be used in more complex situations where an existing analytical method is either insufficient or unable to make a good prediction

A long view of liberal peace and its crisis

The ‘crisis’ of liberal peace has generated considerable debate in International Relations. However, analysis is inhibited by a shared set of spatial, cultural and temporal assumptions that rest on and reproduce a problematic separation between self-evident ‘liberal’ and ‘non-liberal’ worlds, and locates the crisis in presentist terms of the latter’s resistance to the former’s expansion. By contrast, this article argues that efforts to advance liberal rule have always been interwoven with processes of alternative order-making, and in this way are actively integral, not external, to the generation of the subjectivities, contestations, violence and rival social orders that are then apprehended as self-evident obstacles and threats to liberal peace and as characteristic of its periphery. Making visible these intimate relations of co-constitution elided by representations of liberal peace and its crisis requires a long view and an analytical frame that encompasses both liberalism and its others in the world. The argument is developed using a Foucauldian governmentality framework and illustrated with reference to Sri Lanka

A Survey of Bayesian Statistical Approaches for Big Data

The modern era is characterised as an era of information or Big Data. This has motivated a huge literature on new methods for extracting information and insights from these data. A natural question is how these approaches differ from those that were available prior to the advent of Big Data. We present a review of published studies that present Bayesian statistical approaches specifically for Big Data and discuss the reported and perceived benefits of these approaches. We conclude by addressing the question of whether focusing only on improving computational algorithms and infrastructure will be enough to face the challenges of Big Data

Visualizing Big Data with augmented and virtual reality: challenges and research agenda

This paper provides a multi-disciplinary overview of the research issues and achievements in the field of Big Data and its visualization techniques and tools. The main aim is to summarize challenges in visualization methods for existing Big Data, as well as to offer novel solutions for issues related to the current state of Big Data Visualization. This paper provides a classification of existing data types, analytical methods, visualization techniques and tools, with a particular emphasis placed on surveying the evolution of visualization methodology over the past years. Based on the results, we reveal disadvantages of existing visualization methods. Despite the technological development of the modern world, human involvement (interaction), judgment and logical thinking are necessary while working with Big Data. Therefore, the role of human perceptional limitations involving large amounts of information is evaluated. Based on the results, a non-traditional approach is proposed: we discuss how the capabilities of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality could be applied to the field of Big Data Visualization. We discuss the promising utility of Mixed Reality technology integration with applications in Big Data Visualization. Placing the most essential data in the central area of the human visual field in Mixed Reality would allow one to obtain the presented information in a short period of time without significant data losses due to human perceptual issues. Furthermore, we discuss the impacts of new technologies, such as Virtual Reality displays and Augmented Reality helmets on the Big Data visualization as well as to the classification of the main challenges of integrating the technology.publishedVersionPeer reviewe